An assessment of fertility transition and gender equity in Indonesia

Abstract

Fertility transition is a notable demographic phenomenon that has been experienced by most countries in the world. Indonesia, like other countries, has undergone a significant decrease in fertility over the past four decades and is predicted to complete its transition by 2025. This study primarily aims to discover whether gender equity influences the course of fertility transition in Indonesia. The other objectives of this study are to reveal whether a gender-gap between men and women still exists and whether disparity in gender inequality among provinces still exists in Indonesia. This study conducts a secondary data analysis, primarily on the Indonesia Demographic Health Survey, and literature review on government reports, books, journal articles and online sources. Three key findings have emerged in this study. First, gender equity is associated with the course of fertility transition in the context of Indonesia. Second, a gender-gap in both individual-oriented and family-oriented institutions in Indonesia still exists. Third, a disparity in gender inequality among provinces in Indonesia still exists. The findings suggest that the government needs to put more attention to promoting more progressive gender roles in both individual-oriented and family-oriented institutions equally.