Dose-response associations of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and triglyceride–glucose index with arterial stiffness risk

Abstract

Background: The triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index are novel indexes for insulin resistance (IR). We aimed to evaluate associations of TG/HDL-C and TyG with arterial stiffness risk. Methods: We enrolled 1979 participants from the Rural Chinese Cohort Study, examining arterial stiffness by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Logistic and linear regression models were employed to calculate effect estimates. For meta-analysis, we searched relevant articles from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science up to August 26, 2023. The fixed-effects or random-effects models were used to calculate the pooled estimates. We evaluated dose-response associations using restricted cubic splines. Results: For cross-sectional studies, the adjusted ORs (95%CIs) for arterial stiffness were 1.12 (1.01–1.23) and 1.78 (1.38–2.30) for per 1 unit increment in TG/HDL-C and TyG. In the meta-analysis, the pooled ORs (95% CIs) were 1.26 (1.14–1.39) and 1.57 (1.36–1.82) for per 1 unit increment of TG/HDL-C and TyG. Additionally, both TG/HDL-C and TyG were positively related to PWV, with β of 0.09 (95% CI 0.04–0.14) and 0.57 (95% CI 0.35–0.78) m/s. We also found linear associations of TG/HDL-C and TyG with arterial stiffness risk. Conclusions: High TG/HDL-C and TyG were related to increased arterial stiffness risk, indicating TG/HDL-C and TyG may be convincing predictors of arterial stiffness.