Effect of chlormadinone acetate-pellet implantation on the volume of prostate, peripheral blood levels of sex hormones and semen quality in the dog

Abstract

Chlormadinone acetate (GS implant®, CMA) pellet, a synthetic luteal hormone preparation, was subcutaneously implanted at 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg in four normal male dogs ranging in age from 3 to 10 years to determine the changes in the prostatic volume, peripheral plasma levels of sex hormones and semen quality. The plasma levels of CMA, LH, testosterone (T) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were measured by radioimmunoassay. The prostatic volume was measured by computed tomography. The semen was collected by digital manipulation. The pellet was removed 26 weeks after implantation. The effects of CMA pellet implantation were examined during implantation and until 22 weeks after removal. The prostatic volume was reduced to 61±3 (mean ±S.E., n=4), 52±5 (n=4) and 53±9 (n=4)% of the preimplantation volumesin the 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg groups, respectively. The plasma CMA levels in the 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg groups peaked at 2 weeks, but were gradually decreased. At 22 weeks after removal of the pellet, the prostatic volume returned to 74-85 % of the preimplantation volumes. The plasma LH levels tended to increase after implantation in all groups. The plasma T and DHT levels were slightly decreased in all groups. In the 10 and 20 mg/kg groups, the number of sperm and motility sperm was reduced, and the rate of abnormal sperm increased. These findings indicated that implantation of a CMA-pellet at a dose of 10 mg/kg or more decreases the prostatic volume to 1/2 the original size and retains its effect for a long time, although it depresses gonadal function. The present study suggested that CMA implantation is useful in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia. © 1995, JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE. All rights reserved.