Flavobacterium parvum sp. nov., isolated from soil polluted by sewer water

Abstract

A novel Gram-stain-negative, motile by means of gliding, and short rod-shaped bacterium, designated HS916T, was isolated from soil polluted by sewer water in Cheonan-si, South Korea. Growth occurred at 10–35°C (optimum 30°C), pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum pH 7.0), and 0–1% sodium chloride (NaCl, w/v). Based on similarities of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain HS916T was closely related to members of the genus Flavobacterium, exhibiting the highest sequence similarities with Flavobacterium glycines Gm-149T (96.4%), followed by F. granuli Kw05T (96.3%), F. fluminis 3R17T (96.3%), F. aquicola TMd3a3T (96.2%), and F. nitratireducens N1T (96.2%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain HS916T was placed in a monophyletic cluster with F. nitratireducens N1T and F. fluminis 3R17T. The predominant fatty acids (> 5% of the total) of strain HS916T were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 3-OH, C17:1ω6с, C16:0 3-OH, iso-C17:0 3-OH, and summed feature 3 (C16:1ω7с and/or C16:1ω6с). The major polar lipids of the strain comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified aminolipids, and five unidentified lipids. The predominant respiratory quinone and the major polyamine were menaquinone-6 (MK-6) and symhomospermidine, respectively. The DNA G + C content of strain HS916T was 34.9 mol%. Based on polyphasic analyses, strain HS916T represents a novel species belonging to the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium parvum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HS916T (= KACC 19448T = JCM 32368T).