Cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients

Abstract

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease are at high risk for cognitive impairment due to their older age and high prevalence of stroke and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we measured cognitive function in 50 patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis for at least 1 year, ranging in age from 40 to 55 years and an age-matched comparison group in Beni Suef Hospital. Cognitive performance was measured in three domains: memory, executive function, and language. Results: As regards MMSE 66% of patients had abnormal results (score < 24). As regards trail A 68% of patients had abnormal results. As regards trail B 70% of patients had abnormal results. As regards controlled oral word association 72% of patients had abnormal results. As regards logical memory A 74% of patients had abnormal results. As regards logical memory B 76% of patients had abnormal results. As regards Beck depression scale 70% of patients had abnormal results. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment, in the form of executive dysfunction, memory and verbal learning impairment, is common and under-diagnosed in chronic kidney disease. Cognitive testing in hemodialysis patients before dialysis initiation and periodically are recommended.