The Development of Primary Education on the Cossack Territories in 1803–1917 years (on the Example of the Kuban Region). Part 1

Abstract

The article deals with the development of the primary education system on the territory of the Kuban Cossack army in 1803-1917 years. This part focuses on the period from 1803 to the end of the XIX century. The russian scientific literature on the history of public education in the Caucasus, and in particular in the Kuban region (the modern territory of the Krasnodar Krai, Russian Federation) was used as materials. The methodological basis of the study was the traditional historiography principles of historicism, scientific objectivity and consistency. In the process of work the following methods were used – problem-chronological, which allowed to study some facts of the development of the system of public education in the Kuban region in chronological order, and the problems in the order of their receipt. Thanks to this method some characteristic features of development of school business both on the territory of the Kuban region, and as in the Caucasus a whole were revealed. In conclusion, the authors state that the primary school in the Cossack Kuban villages during the XIX century had its characteristic differences. So, the raised age limit was regulated for pupils, not from the age of 7, but from 9. For a long time the training was intended only for boys in the Kuban villages, however, since 1865, the female learning began to develop slowly. Despite the measures to improve the content of the teaching staff, this work was not enough and up to the beginning of the 20th century, there was a staff turnover in schools, first of all, in primary schools.