Exploring irritant activity of some of the phytochemical components from wild Sonchus arvensis (L.) ssp arvensis (D.C.) Kirp herb

Abstract

Irritant activeness of sesquiterpene lactone glycosides, isolated from Sonchus arvensis (L.) ssp arvensis (D.C.) Kirp herb were investigated. These compound 1 to compound 7 were identified as sonchuside-E, sonchuside-F, sonchuside-G, sonchu-side-H, sonchuside-I sonchuside-A and pirciside C. Such activity was appraised by open mouse ear assay, estimated by ID50. These sesquiterpene lactones exhibited well-defined irritant responses compared with euphorbium, used as reference compound. Compound-1 (sonchuside-E) appeared to be the most potent and persistent irritant with least ID50 whose reaction lasted for more than 48 hours. Compound-2 (sonchuside-F), Compound-3 (sonchuside-G), compound-5 (sonchuside-I) and compound-6 (sonchuside-A), revealed an irritant reactions of medium intensity while compound-4 (sonchuside-H) and compound-7 (pirciside C) displayed the least irritant and least persistent reaction. The likely mechanisms of their action were discussed.