Effective Interactions between Macroions 2

Abstract

This book is designed to critically review experimental findings on ionic polymers and colloidal particles and to prove a theoretical framework based on the Poisson-Boltzmann approach. Structure formation in ionic polymer solutions has attracted attention since the days of H. Staudinger and J.D. Bernal. An independent study on ionic colloidal dispersions with microscopy provided a compelling evidence of structure formation. Recent technical developments have made it possible to accumulate relevant information for both ionic polymers and colloidal particles in dilute systems. The outstanding phenomenon experimentally found is microscopic inhomogeneity in the solute distribution in macroscopically homogeneous systems. To account for the observation, the present authors have invoked the existence of the counterion-mediated attraction between similarly charged solute species, in addition to the widely accepted electrostatic repulsion. Cover -- Table of Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Macroionic Systems and the Scope of the Book -- 1.2 Principles for Structure Analysis on Macroionic Systems -- 1.3 Forces between Molecules -- References -- 2 Effective Interactions between Macroions 1 -- 2.1 Introductory Remarks -- 2.2 Mean Field Description -- 2.3 Debye-Hèuckel Theory of Strong Electrolytes -- 2.4 DLVO Theory -- 2.5 Summary -- References -- 3 Dilute Solutions of Flexible and Spherical Ionic Polymers -- 3.1 Introductory Remarks. -- 3.2 Scattering Study of Dilute Solutions of Ionic Polymers -- 3.3 Recent Progress and Summary -- References -- 4 Colloidal Dispersions -- 4.1 Introductory Remarks -- 4.2 Investigation by Optical Methods -- 4.3 Investigation by Ultra-Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering -- 4.4 Static and Dynamic Light Scattering, Neutron Scattering, and Dynamic X-Ray Scattering -- 4.5 Summary -- References -- 5 Kikuchi ... Kossel Line Analysis on Colloidal Crystals -- 5.1 Introductory Remarks -- 5.2 Kikuchi ... Kossel Diffraction Images -- 5.3 Crystal Growth -- 5.4 Colloidal Alloy Crystals -- 5.5 Fine Structure of Kossel Lines -- 5.6 Summary -- References -- 6 Effective Interactions between Macroions 2 -- 6.1 Introductory Remarks -- 6.2 Reconstruction of a Linearized Mean Field Theory -- 6.3 Integral Representations for Free Energies of Macroionic Dispersions -- 6.4 Highly Charged Plates Immersed in an Electrolyte -- 6.5 Summary and Discussion -- References -- 7 Viscometric Properties of Dilute Ionic Polymer Solutions and Colloidal Dispersions -- 7.1 Intr…