Recurrent Neural Networks

Abstract

This chapter presents an introduction to recurrent neural networks for readers familiar with artificial neural networks in general, and multi-layer perceptrons trained with gradient descent algorithms (back-propagation) in particular. A recurrent neural network (RNN) is an artificial neural network with internal loops. These internal loops induce recursive dynamics in the networks and thus introduce delayed activation dependencies across the processing elements (PEs) in the network. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013.