The present study investigated the kinetic profile of flumequine (FLU) in gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata (170 g) held at 19°C and evaluated its in vitro efficacy against important bacterial diseases in Mediterranean mariculture. Following a single intravascular injection (10 mg kg-1 fish), the distribution half-life (t1/2α) and the half-life of the terminal phase of elimination (t1/2α) of the drug were 0.2 and 30 h respectively. Tissue penetration of FLU was low, since both the apparent distribution volume of the drug at steady-state (Vd(ss)) and the apparent volume of the central compartment (Vc) were small (0.57 and 0.15 1 kg-1). The mean residence time (MRT) was short (11 h) and the total clearance (CLT) of the drug was slow (0.05 1 kg-1 h-1). Following oral administration (20 mg kg1), the bioavailability (F%) of FLU was 29% and the maximum plasma concentration was 1.7 pg ml-1. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the drug in distilled water supplemented with 2% NaCl against Vibrio anguillarum Serotype 1b, Photobacterium damsela ssp. piscicida, V. alginolyticus, V. damsela and V. fluvialis was 0.15, 0.3, 1.2, 0.019 and 0.15 pg ml-1 respectively. The addition however of 10 mM Ca2+ and 55 mM Mg2+ to the medium resulted in an 8- to >120-fold reduction in FLU activity. The results indicate that FLU has an adequate kinetic profile in gilthead sea bream and that marine cations induce a significant impact on the activity of FLU, rendering its use against bacterial pathogens questionable.
CITATION STYLE
Rigos, G., Tyrpenou, A. E., Nengas, I., Yiagnisis, M., Koutsodimou, M., Alexis, M., & Troisi, G. M. (2003). Pharmacokinetics of flumequine and in vitro activity against bacterial pathogens of gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 54(1), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao054035
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