An overview of techno-economic analysis and life-cycle assessment of thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass

Abstract

Energy derived from biomass provides a promising alternative source that reduces dependence on fossil fuels along with the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG). The production of heat, electricity, power, fuels, and various chemicals from the biomass can be achieved via thermochemical conversion technologies. This chapter summarizes the techno-economic analysis and lifecycle assessment of lignocellulosic biomass via thermochemical conversion routes such as combustion, pyrolysis, gasification, liquefaction, (hydrothermal). and co-firing. Specific indicators such as production costs, techno-economic analysis, functional units, and environmental impacts in a life-cycle analysis for different techniques were compared. Finally, the research lacunae and possible future trends in biomass conversion via thermochemical conversion techniques have been discussed, which may positively impact the future of research related to techno-economic and environmental benefits of bioenergy.