Interactions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with other soil organisms

Abstract

soil microorganisms, bacteria, microfungi, actinomycetes, arthropods, rhizosphere, mycosphere, mycorrhizosphere, interactions futeractions between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and other soil microorganisms (including bacteria, saprophytic microfungi, actinomycetes and some microarthropods) are described as well as the phenomena of the rhizosphere, mycorrhizosphere and mycosphere. Examples are given of how the growth of AM fungi and the formation of mycorrhizas are affected by the other soil organisms. All of these co-occuring positive and negative influences upon the interaction between AM fungi and plant roots are shown to underscore the complexity of the soil environment and difficulty in reaching general conclusions