Ampk phosphorylation is controlled by glucose transport rate in a pka-independent manner

Abstract

To achieve growth, microbial organisms must cope with stresses and adapt to the envi-ronment, exploiting the available nutrients with the highest efficiency In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ras/PKA and Snf1/AMPK pathways regulate cellular metabolism according to the supply of glu-cose, alternatively supporting fermentation or mitochondrial respiration. Many reports have high-lighted crosstalk between these two pathways, even without providing a comprehensive mechanism of regulation. Here, we show that glucose-dependent inactivation of Snf1/AMPK is independent from the Ras/PKA pathway. Decoupling glucose uptake rate from glucose concentration, we highlight a strong coordination between glycolytic metabolism and Snf1/AMPK, with an inverse correlation between Snf1/AMPK phosphorylation state and glucose uptake rate, regardless of glucose concentration in the medium. Despite fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F1,6BP) being proposed as a glycolytic flux sensor, we demonstrate that glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), and not F1,6BP, is involved in the control of Snf1/AMPK phosphorylation state. Altogether, this study supports a model by which Snf1/AMPK senses glucose flux independently from PKA activity, and thanks to conversion of glucose into G6P.