Angle sensor with STM (2nd report) - Atom tracking and yaw measurement

Abstract

In the previous report, the authors proposed a new type of angle sensor with three tracking STM tips, which offers a real-time measurement of pitch, roll and yaw with nano-radian resolution. The purpose of this paper is to describe an atom tracking to measure yaw. The fundamental experiment, in which one tip tracks an atom peak of graphite, shows that the tip searches the atom peak by tip rotation with the radius of less than 0.1 nm. Yaw is measured with nano-radian resolution by having the tip track the atom peak.