A test of the politeness theory regarding factors influencing the use of request expressions

Abstract

The influence of three situational factors, namely, relational distance, power discrepancy, and imposition, on the use of request expressions were investigated based on Brown and Levinson's (1987) theory. We examined the effects of the three variables on politeness and indirectness, and tested the theory including some crucial mediating variables. Two-hundred-sixty-five students completed a questionnaire, consisting of a hypothetical situation. Path analysis revealed that the three variables had positive effects on politeness, but none on indirectness. Moreover, contrary to Brown and Levinson's claim, relational distance and power discrepancy had a direct effect on politeness. These findings confirmed the theory's predictions about the three factors influencing the use of request expressions, but fell short of supporting its premises about the dimensions that are influenced, and the processes of influence. It was suggested that the theory requires further testing and refinement.View full abstract