Prevention of Injuries and Overuse in Sports

Abstract

Includes index. Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1: General Considerations on Sports-Related Injuries; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Epidemiological Methodology: Injury Definition and Study Design; 1.3 Epidemiology of Injuries During Olympic Games; 1.4 Epidemiology of Injuries in Team Sports; 1.4.1 Football; 1.4.2 Rugby; 1.4.3 Handball; 1.4.4 Volleyball; 1.5 Epidemiology of Injuries in Individual Sports; 1.5.1 Athletics; 1.5.2 Swimming; 1.5.3 Skiing; 1.5.4 Cycling; 1.5.5 Climbing; 1.6 Socioeconomic Aspects of Sports-Related Injury; 1.6.1 Direct Costs 1.6.2 The Benefits Associated with Practicing Sports1.6.3 Special Case of High-Performing Sports; Conclusions; References; 2: Major Causes of Sports Injuries; 2.1 Overview of Sports Injury; 2.2 Physical Constitution; 2.3 Sex Differences; 2.4 Training Deficits; 2.5 Inadequate Training Techniques; 2.6 Excessive Demands in Training and Competition; References; 3: Causes of Overuse in Sports; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Genesis of Overload Damage; 3.3 Pathophysiology of Overload Damage; 3.4 Physical Constitution; 3.5 Gender Differences; 3.6 Mental Influences and Psychological Factors 3.7 Excessive Work in Training and Competition3.8 Incorrect Training Methods; References; 4: General Prevention Principles of Injuries; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Training Methods; 4.2.1 Periodization; 4.2.2 Warm-Up; 4.2.3 Stretching; 4.2.4 Cooling Down; 4.3 Way of Living; 4.3.1 Nutrition; 4.3.1.1 Carbohydrates as Fuel; 4.3.1.2 Proteins; 4.3.1.3 Fat; 4.3.1.4 Drugs; 4.3.2 Sleep Hygiene; 4.4 Mental Constitution; 4.5 Expectations of the Athletes and the Environment; 4.6 Active and Passive Protection; 4.6.1 Active Protection; 4.6.1.1 Helmets; Types of Helmet Technologies 4.6.1.2 Mouthguard4.6.1.3 Shoulder Pads; 4.6.1.4 Wrist Guard; 4.6.1.5 Back Protector; 4.6.1.6 Shin Guards; 4.6.1.7 Ankle Braces/Taping; 4.6.1.8 Shoe; 4.6.2 Passive Protection; 4.6.2.1 Type of Surface; 4.6.2.2 Crash Measures; Ski; Motor Sports; References; 5: General Prevention Principles of Overload Damage in Sports; 5.1 Introduction; 5.1.1 Definition of Overload; 5.2 Coordination of Expectations and Performance; 5.3 Analysis of Laboratory Parameters; 5.3.1 Possible Immunological and Biochemical Markers of Impending Overtraining 5.3.2 Omegawave Test: One More Tool to Understand Fatigue and Overtraining5.3.3 Is Mechanical Overloading Also a Problem?; 5.4 Analysis of the Movement Sequence and Neuromuscular Training Programmes; 5.5 Analysis of Physical Condition; 5.6 The Workout Concept; 5.7 Passive and Active Protection; 5.7.1 Sports Protective Equipment and Sports Injury Prevention; 5.7.1.1 Helmets; 5.7.1.2 Protective Eyewear; 5.7.1.3 Face Protection and Mouthguards; 5.7.1.4 Pads, Guards and Straps; 5.7.1.5 Protective Clothing and Footwear; References