Maternal,fetal and neonatal outcomes of severe preeclampsia in Mansoura University Hospitals: A prospective study

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia continues to affect 5% to 8% of all pregnancies throughout the world. It is a pregnancy-specific multisystem disorder and a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The exact pathogenesis of preeclampsia remains poorly defined. Features of severe preeclampsia include severe proteinuria, hypertension, symptoms of central nervous system dysfunction, hepatocellular injury thrombocytopenia, oliguria, pulmonary edema, cerebrovascular accident, and IUGR. Women with severe preeclampsia must be hospitalized to try to stabilize the disease. Aim of work: To evaluate maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes of severe preeclampsia in Mansoura university Hospitals. Methods: This was a prospective study for one year, from September 2019 till September 2020, included all gravid women with severe preeclampsia who were managed at Mansoura University hospitals, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Results: This study included 204 patients. Regarding maternal outcomes, the percentages of Placental abruption, Acute renal failure, ICU admission, DIC, HELLP and PPH were 7.8%, 4.9%, 15.7%, 0.5%, 8.3% and 3.4%, respectively. Considering fetal outcomes, IUGR developed in 13% of cases, and 13% of cases ended with IUFD. With regard to neonatal outcomes, the percentages of preterm delivery, NICU admission low APGAR score were 69%, 62% and 47%, respectively. Gestational age was the only significant factor to affect incidence of IUFD, NICU admission and low APGAR score (P<0.001). Conclusion: Pre-eclampsia tends to threaten maternal health and fetal viability adding to maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. In addition, gestational age was the only significant factor to affect incidence of IUFD, NICU admission and low APGAR score.