Perceived Stress, Self-Compassion, dan Suicidal Ideation pada Mahasiswa

Abstract

Suicidal ideation pada mahasiswa menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan mental yang berdampak negatif terhadap fungsi-fungsi kehidupan termasuk meningkatkan resiko perilaku bunuh diri. Akan tetapi penelitian mengenai suicidal ideation belum banyak ditemukan di Indonesia. Berbagai teori suicidality menjelaskan perceived stress sebagai faktor kerentanan individu untuk memiliki ide bunuh diri. Meskipun demikian, tidak semua mahasiswa yang mengalami stress pada akhirnya memikirkan untuk bunuh diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara perceived stress dengan suicidal ideation yang dimoderasi self-compassion. Pengambilan data dilakukan kepada 261 mahasiswa aktif di perguruan tinggi dengan menggunakan Perceived Stress Scale, Self-compassion Scale, dan Suicidal Ideation Scale. Analisis statistik digunakan untuk menguji peran moderasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hipotesis diterima, yakni terdapat efek moderasi self-compassion terhadap hubungan antara perceived stress dengan suicidal ideation (b3= -.019, R2= 0.424, p.05). Self-compassion, khususnya komponen common humanity dan mindfulness dapat melemahkan hubungan antara perceived stress dengan suicidal ideation. Peranan perceived stress terhadap kemunculan suicidal ideation tergantung dari self-compassion yang dimiliki individu. Jika mahasiswa memiliki self-compassion yang tinggi maka kecenderungan persepsi stress berkembang menjadi ide bunuh diri menjadi berkurang.Suicidal ideation among college students was a mental health problem that caused negative impact to various life functions and also increasing suicide risk. Unfortunately, studies regarding suicidal ideation were still scarce in Indonesia. Various suicidality theories explained perceived stress as an individual's vulnerability factor to have suicidal ideation. Even so, not all college students who experience stress would develop suicidal ideation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal ideation moderated by self-compassion. Data collection was done on 261 active college students using Perceived Stress Scale, Self-compassion Scale and Suicidal Ideation Scale. Statistical analysis was used to test the moderation effect. The results support the notion that self-compassion act as moderating variable in relationship between perceived stress and suicidal ideation (b3= -.019, R2= 0.424, p.05). One's self-compassion especially common humanity and mindfulness had potential role for weaken the relationship between perceived stress and suicidal ideation. These findings highlighted the importance of self-compassion among college students. If a college student has a high level of self-compassion, the tendency of perceived stress developing into suicidal ideation will be reduced.