Building Hope for Positive Youth Development: Research, Practice, and Policy

Abstract

(from the chapter) In this chapter, we described how hope can direct youth toward positive developmental outcomes and also how hopelessness can lead to depression and problem behaviors. Fortunately, there is evidence that hope is malleable. Through a better understanding of the three ingredients of hope-intentional self-regulation skills, positive future expectations, and connectedness-practitioners can promote hope through their work with youth in community, school, and clinical programs. Because of the important role of hope in positive developmental pathways, including PYD and contribution, we believe that these hope ingredients should be a cornerstone of youth development programming. Practitioners can promote hope by emphasizing program features such as the "Big Three": sustained mentoring relationships, opportunities for building skills, and engaging youth in leadership roles that promote civic hope. In particular, a focus on connectedness is a key ingredient for hope enhancement strategies. As we discussed, connectedness may come in the form of relationships with parents, peers, and mentors. Even pets and other human-animal interactions provide a context for supporting hope among youth. Future research should focus on the links between hope and youth outcomes in the context of youth development programs. Such programs can reduce hopelessness and promote hope among youth who are low on one or all of the components described here. On the other hand, programs can capitalize on hope, as hopeful youth may be more likely to form positive relationships with adults and peers and to be successful in a program focused on goal attainment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved)