Dietary Modification and Migraine Relief

Abstract

Although many medications are currently available in the prevention and treatment of migraines, lifestyle modifications are still recommended to modify symptoms. The role of dietary and nutritional factors in causing as well as treating headache disorders has been widely studied. In this chapter, we review research related to common food triggers and IgG food sensitivity testing to prescribe an elimination diet. Prospective studies on various types of comprehensive diets such as the ketogenic diet, the modified Atkins diet, low glycemic index diet, and low-fat diet will also be summarized. Comprehensive diets do not require the exclusion of food triggers but the quantitative adjustment of micronutrients, protein, carbohydrates, and fats. Comorbid conditions such as obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, and celiac disease will be also examined in the context of migraines and studies on condition-specific dietary modifications evaluated. Finally, brain energy metabolism in migraineurs and its relationship to nutrient deficiencies will also be discussed in conjunction with the use of nutraceuticals and phytomedicine to improve migraine symptoms.