Zygomatic arch-atlas wing stabilization in 5 dogs with atlanto-occipital dislocation

Abstract

The aim of this work was to present a novel minimally invasive surgical stabilization technique for canine atlanto-occipital dislocation and to report the associated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. All 5 dogs in this case series underwent 1.5 T MRI of the head and neck and 3 underwent both MRI and computed tomography (CT). Atlanto-occipital dislocations were diagnosed based on the increased joint space between the occipital condyles and the atlas on MRI. Surgery was performed immediately with a never previously described fixation technique based on an external ligature. The stabilization was performed via 4 holes drilled in the zygomatic processes and in the atlas wings on each side. A nylon monofilament of 1 mm diameter was inserted in the 4 holes, and an O-shaped ligature was carried out externally to the skin through the ipsilateral zygomatic arch. Ligatures were removed within 2 months. At the postsurgical follow-up examination, 14 days after surgery, all dogs were found to be ambulatory. Atlanto-occipital stability was assessed by clinical examination with an average of 24 months of follow-up. The positive outcomes in this case series suggest that atlanto-occipital dislocation may be surgically treated with this novel technique, irrespective of the severity of the clinical presentation and associated lesions observed on MRI.