Reference Values of Ductus Venosus in First and Second Trimester in Northern Indian Population: An Observational Study in Tertiary Care Center

Abstract

Background: The ductus venosus (DV) can be easily identified by color Doppler mapping in the first and second trimesters. Higher values of DV parameters associated with an increased risk of congenital abnormalities have been established in recent times, thus making it important for continuous monitoring of DV. Aim: The purpose of this study was to put normal reference values of duct venosus in normal gestation during the first and second trimesters. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 400 consecutive pregnant patients between 10 and 24 weeks of gestation. The reference value of DV length, DV area, S wave velocity, A wave velocity, pulsatility index (PI), and resistive index (RI) were calculated. Results: The DV length ranged from 0.96 to 1.23 cm in the first trimester and 0.96 to 1.62 cm in the second trimester, respectively. The range of DV area was found between 0.07–0.15 cm2 and 0.07–0.17 cm2 in the first and in the second trimester, respectively. PI and RI ranged between 0.82–1.40 and 0.62–0.85 in the first trimester and 0.74–1.16 and 0.55–0.77 in the second trimester, respectively. S and A wave velocities ranged between 11.17–69.66 cm/second and 1.61–25.29 in the first trimester of pregnancy. The range of S and A wave velocities was between 13.78–97.11 cm/second and 2.96–49.42 cm/second in the second trimester, respectively. Conclusion: We sought to establish a reference range based on the population’s percentile module to ease the process of fetal follow-up, especially in high-risk pregnancies and suspicion of chromosomal or congenital anomalies.