Complete quantum information in the DNA genetic code

Abstract

We find that the degeneracies and many peculiarities of the DNA genetic code may be described thanks to two closely related (fivefold symmetric) finite groups. The first group has signature G = Z5 ⋊ H where (Formula Presented) is isomorphic to the binary octahedral group 2OandS4 is the symmetric group on four letters/bases. The second group has signature G = Z5 ⋊ GL(2, 3) and points out a threefold symmetry of base pairings. For those groups, the representations for the 22 conjugacy classes of G are in one-to-one correspondence with the multiplets encoding the proteinogenic amino acids. Additionally, most of the 22 characters of G attached to those representations are informationally complete. The biological meaning of these coincidences is discussed.