Management strategies for western flower thrips in vegetable greenhouses in Iran: A review

Abstract

Chemical, biological, cultural, and mechanical controls are the main strategies of the Integrated Pest Management program for F. occidentalis. The insecticides play an important role in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), management. Spinosad, pyridalyl, and botanical insecticides such as oxymatrine and azadirachtin are new and effective insecticides for the control of F. occidentalis. The best control finally is possible when all of the strategies are used together. Awareness on integrated pest management strategies can improve the integrated pest management strategies.