Nasal Congestion and its Management in Pregnancy Rhinitis

Abstract

Objective: To elaborate on the pathomechanism of pregnancy rhinitis and the proper management of rhinitis symptoms, particularly nasal obstruction. Methods: Literature review. Methods: Literature review. Result: Placental Growth Hormone has a similar effect as progesterone in pregnancy, which is peripheral vasodilatation and increases extracellular volume. Increased estrogen during pregnancy enhances the parasympathetic activity, thus increasing vascular permeability and glandular activity. Plasma leakage from vascular bed to stroma results in edematous turbinates, causing nasal congestion. This mucosal swelling is exaggerated with the presence of thick and profuse secretion. Conclusions: Pregnancy rhinitis, manifested as nasal congestion, is considered a phenomenon and may become a serious condition. Persistent nasal congestion acts as a potential riskfactor in affecting fetal growth and development through gradual hypoxia process. This condition can lead to various complications such as maternal hypertension, preeclampsia, impaired fetal growth, and low APGAR scores. In-depth knowledge of pathomechanism is essential as guidance to proper treatment, including conservative and medical therapies, which will lead to an optimal outcome for both mother and baby.