Comparative efficacy of placental membrane and Healiguide™ in treatment of gingival recession using guided tissue regeneration

Abstract

Background: Guided tissue regeneration-based root coverage has emerged as a promising treatment modality in the treatment of gingival recession. A variety of nonresorbable and bioresorbable membranes have been successfully used. Among resorbable membranes, collagen has been extensively studied. Recently, a third generation barrier membrane derived from placenta has been introduced for periodontal regeneration. Aim: The objective of the present study is to clinically compare the efficacy of placental membrane (Amnion) and collagen membrane (Healiguide) for the treatment of gingival recession. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients having isolated bilateral gingival recession defects were included in the study and were divided into two groups randomly. Group I were treated by coronally positioned flap and amnion membrane and Group II were treated by coronally positioned flap and collagen membrane (Healiguide)™. Clinical parameters, including dental plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival recession depth, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and gingival biotype, were recorded before surgery at baseline and then reevaluated at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Statistical Analysis: Nonparametric test, i.e., Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test was used in the present study. Significance was reported at 95% confidence level. Results: The results of the present study revealed statistically no significant difference (P > 0.05) in dental PI improved, GI and probing pocket depth in both groups. Significant reduction in gingival recession defects and gain in clinical attachment level was observed in both the groups. Intergroup comparison of gingival recession defects and clinical attachment level yielded nonsignificant differences. However, a statistically significant increase (P < 0.05) in gingival tissue thickness was observed in Group II as compared to Group I. Conclusion: Both membranes are equally efficacious in the treatment of gingival recession. More gingival tissue thickness (gingival biotype) enhancement was observed in sites treated with collagen membrane.