The validation of the Barcelona Orthorexia Scale—Spanish version: evidence from the general population

Abstract

Purpose: To validate the Spanish version of Barcelona Orthorexia Scale (BOS) in general population, analyzing its items and both its internal structure and psychometric properties (internal consistency and temporal stability). In addition, the relationship between ON and external measures of attitudes towards food was assessed. Method: The general population sample consisted of 446 women and 104 men, aged between 18.31 and 69.44 years (M = 36.03; SD = 12.46). Of these, 39 participants answered again the questionnaires after one month from the first application. The assessment instruments were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the BOS, the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). Results: The final version of the BOS is composed of 35 items. Exploratory factor analysis extracted an internal structure of 5 factors (Behavioral, Concern for healthy food, Attitudes and beliefs about food, Vital achievement and Emotional discomfort). The BOS-35 and the factors presented good internal consistency (α =.80–.90), and an adequate temporal stability (r =.62–.88). The highest association was observed between the Emotional Distress (BOS) and the Diet subscale (EAT-26; r =.51). Conclusions: This first validation of the BOS has shown adequate psychometric properties, being a valid and reliable instrument to assess ON in the general population. Level of evidence Level II: Evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials without randomization.