Groundwater Quality and Pollution Problems in the Izmir Region of Turkey

Abstract

Groundwater resources meet 65 % of the water demand in Izmir, Turkey. Water and Sewerage Administration controls the water quality in the distribution system. In addition to the municipal water supply system, there are many private wells that belong to individual apartment blocks, industries and houses. In this study, groundwater quality has been evaluated and contamination sources have been identified. Problems include saltwater intrusion and groundwater contamination by nitrate, organic matter, pesticides, industrial sources and the inflow of surface waters. Recognising that rehabiliation of polluted groundwater is difficult and costly, a range of protective measures is recommended.