3D-MRI versus 3D-CT in the evaluation of osseous anatomy in femoroacetabular impingement using Dixon 3D FLASH sequence

Abstract

Objective: To determine if hip 3D-MR imaging can be used to accurately demonstrate femoral and acetabular morphology in the evaluation of patients with femoroacetabular impingement. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective review at our institution of 17 consecutive patients (19 hips) with suspected femoroacetabular impingement who had both 3D-CT and 3D-MRI performed of the same hip. Two fellowship-trained musculoskeletal radiologists reviewed the imaging for the presence and location of cam deformity, anterior–inferior iliac spine variant, lateral center-edge angle, and neck–shaft angle. Findings on 3D-CT were considered the reference standard. The amount of radiation that was spared following introduction of 3D-MRI was also assessed. Results: All 17 patients suspected of FAI had evidence for cam deformity on 3D-CT. There was 100% agreement for diagnosis (19 out of 19) and location (19 out of 19) of cam deformity when comparing 3D-MRI with 3D-CT. There were 3 type I and 16 type II anterior–inferior iliac spine variants on 3D-CT imaging with 89.5% (17 out of 19) agreement for the anterior–inferior iliac spine characterization between 3D-MRI and 3D-CT. There was 64.7% agreement when comparing the neck–shaft angle (11 out of 17) and LCEA (11 out of 17) measurements. The use of 3D-MRI spared each patient an average radiation effective dose of 3.09 mSV for a total reduction of 479 mSV over a 4-year period. Conclusion: 3D-MR imaging can be used to accurately diagnose and quantify the typical osseous pathological condition in femoroacetabular impingement and has the potential to eliminate the need for 3D-CT imaging and its associated radiation exposure, and the cost for this predominantly young group of patients.