Antioxidant Activity from the Combination of Ethanolic Extract of Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis) and Soursop Leaves (Annona muricata l.) and Optimation of the Effervescent Granule Production

Abstract

Soursop Leaves (Annona muricata L.) and Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis) are plants that contain flavonoids which are considered to act as antioxidants and can become chemopreventive agents. This study aims to identify the potential of Soursop Leaves and Tea Leaves as chemopreventive agents. The first stage of this research was to determine the presence of flavonoids in both of ethanolic extract using TLC method. The second stage is to examine the antioxidant activity of the combination of ethanolic extract of soursop leaves and tea leaves against free radical DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrihidrazil). Docking molecular test of acetogenin and catechin compounds at HER-2 and ER-α receptors which are biomarkers of breast cancer. Furthermore, the optimization of effervescent granule production using moist granulation method is carried out. The result shows that ethanolic extract of soursop leaves and tea leaves contains flavonoid shown with Rf value of 0.66 and 0.68, and the comparison of Rf 0.66. The combination of both ethanolic extract has very strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value 26,90 μg/mL. The result of molecular docking of acetogenin and catechin compounds at HER-2 receptors shows respective docking score of-6.3 kcal/mol and-6.7 kcal/mol while ER-α receptors shows a docking score of-6.5 kcal/mol and-7.6 kcal/mol. In addition, the most optimal effervescent granule production is formula four with physical test result such as moisture content of 1.07% with a dissolve time of 45.5 seconds and acidity of 6.18. The result shows that ethanolic extract of soursop leaf (Annona muricata L.) and Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis) have potential activity as chemopreventive agents and can be formulated into effervescent granule production. Abstrak: Daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dan daun teh (Camellia sinensis) merupa-kan tanaman yang memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang diduga berperan sebagai antioksidan dan dapat menjadi agen kemopreventif. Penelitiaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dari daun sirsak dan daun teh sebagai agen kemopreventif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksperimental, serbuk daun Sirsak dan daun Teh dimase-rasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Identifikasi golongan senyawa ekstrak menggunakan meto-de KLT dengan fase gerak n-Butanol : Asam Asetat : Air (7:2:1). Uji antioksidan dengan metode DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrihidrazil), uji molecular docking senyawa acetogenin dan katekin pada protein reseptor HER-2 dan ER-α, dan dilakukan optimasi formula | 57 sediaan granul effervescent kombinasi ekstrak menggunakan metode granulasi basah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bah-wa ekstrak etanol daun sirsak dan daun teh mengandung senyawa golongan flavonoid ditunjukkan dengan nilai Rf yaitu 0,66 dan 0,68 serta pembanding rutin dengan Rf 0,66. Kombinasi ekstrak etanolik daun sirsak dan daun teh memi-liki aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 26,9 µg/mL. Hasil uji molecular docking senyawa acetogenin dan katekin pada reseptor HER-2 menunjukkan docking score secara berurutan-6,3 dan-6,7 kcal/mol, se-dangkan pada reseptor ER-α menunjukkan docking score seca-ra berurutan-6,5 dan-7,6 kcal/mol. Sediaan granul effervescent yang paling optimal yaitu formula empat dengan hasil uji fisik berupa kadar air 1,07% dengan waktu larut 45,5 detik dan keasaman pH 6,18. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol Daun Sirsak dan Daun Teh berpotensi sebagai agen antioksidan dan dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan granul effervescent.