The structure and content of psychomotor preparedness of children aged 11-12

Abstract

Scientific and technical progress, significantly transforming the conditions of life and activity, makes higher demands not only to the physical but also to the mental sphere of the person. Technological innovation changes the nature of the motor activity of the person. Such qualities as speed and accuracy of movements, their timeliness, consistency and effectiveness, well-developed proprioception are becoming increasingly important. The psychomotor level of preparedness is determined, on the one hand, by the movement of the individual (level of physical qualities development and motor skills), ability to efficiently implement the existing motor potential in solving various sensory and motor tasks. The main integrative indicator of the psychomotor preparedness is the result of psychomotor actions. However, there may be other possible indicators: the coefficient of the action usefulness and efficiency implementation, the reserve capacity. Improvement of the program and regulatory framework of the physical education system, and rationalization of the methods of increasing physical preparedness of different population groups require broader knowledge of the structure of human motility at different stages of ontogenesis. Therefore, mental and motor components of activity should be considered and evaluated in connection, in their dialectical unity. To identify the roles and relationships of mental and motor qualities in the structure of motor skills of children the following indicators have been chosen: body length, body weight, dynamometry (right hand), dynamometry (left hand), lung capacity, heart rate, 60-meter run, long jump, test on a person's self-esteem, intellectual test in the field of physical culture and sports, self-test of emotional stability esteem, tapping test (number of taps), Schulte tables (mental stability), visual-motor reaction (speed of sensory and motor reactions), coordination test (number of touches). No differences in the indicators of boys and girls aged 11-12 received by non-parametric methods of mathematical statistics of the Mann-Whitney U test were detected, whereas in terms of the performance the indicators of boys and girls are different. In the research, the author established the relationship of the studied morphometric parameters and functional and psycho-physical changes in a child's body. It is revealed that the psychomotor preparedness of children of secondary school age is related to speed and accuracy of complex motor responses, adequacy of the perception of their own movements and of external conditions, volume and distribution of attention, ability to think logically, with motor memory.