The effect of KI and KIO3 impregnation on prepared hydroxyapatite catalyst on biodiesel production

Abstract

Substitution of homogeneous catalyst to heterogeneous catalyst is one of the alternative ways to simplify the separation process. In this research, hydroxyapatite (HAP) that was used as a catalyst on biodiesel production was prepared from natural phosphate rock. Effect of various impregnation on the catalyst was studied in characterized and performance test. The catalytic performance test was done using simultaneous esterification and transesterification reaction under operating condition of 60°C for 6 hours using waste cooking oil as the raw material. FTIR analysis showed that HAP catalyst had been successfully synthesized with the existence of functional group PO43- (phosphate) and CO3- (carbonate). The surface area of the catalyst by 13.513 m2/gr and specific pore volume by 0,0083 cc/gr at a concentration of 5%w/w KI while at 5% w/w KIO3 the surface area of the catalyst by 10.651 m2/gr and specific pore volume by 0.0065 cc/gr. The result of XRD analysis gives the value obtained at 28=46,75° for KI and 2θ = 34,53° for KIO3, which indicates that those components was successfully impregnated on HAP catalyst. The best value for each yield dan FAME obtained on 91,78% and 59,1% at a concentration of catalyst impregnation 5% w/w KI.