Ensambla jes de anuros en tres zonas con intervención humana en el Parque Nacional Natural Los Katíos (Colombia)

Abstract

The structure and composition of anuran assemblages were evaluated in three zones with differing degree of human intervention at Los KatíosNational Natural Park. The zones were the forest of El Tendal (late successional forest), a forest of teak (intervened forest) and the village of Sautatá (urbanized forest). Sample representativeness was evaluated using the non-parametric estimator Jackknife 1. The diversity pattern was described using species richness indices, Simpson's dominance (Ds), Pielou's equitability (J) and Shannon-Wiener (H) uncertainty index. The assemblage attributes were compared using bootstrapping techniques and similitude among assemblages was evaluated withan UPMGA hierarchical clustering method using the Bray-Curtis index. A total of 507 individuals belonging to 20 species were recorded, including nine families and 14 genera. The sampling effort yielded 68% of expected species in the village of Sautatá, 72% of expected species in the teak plantation and 87% of expected species in El Tendal forest. The highest richness, lowest dominance, highest equitability and highest amphibian diversity were recorded at El Tendal forest (13 species; Ds = 0.22; J = 0.75; H'=1.91 bits ind- 1), followed by the teak forest (10 species; Ds = 0.22; J =0.76;H'=1.75 bits ind-1). Dominance was higher and diversity was significantly lower at the village of Sautatá (10 species; Ds = 0.44; J = 0.55; H'=1.26 bits ind-1). Rhaebo haematiticus, Rhaebo hypomelas, Espadarana callistomma, Hypsiboas rosenbergi and Lithobates vaillanti were captured only at the Tendal forest, Smilis casordida was only captured at the teak forest, and Rhinella marina,Scinax boulengeri and Leptodactylus insularum were only captured at the village of Sautatá. The highest diversity and highest number of exclusive species were recorded at the El Tendal forest. This result is probably related to a higher habitat heterogeneity, which would provide a higher number of refuges and protection against desiccation for anurans.