Post locoregional therapy treatment imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: A literature-based review

Abstract

Imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well as in determining treatment efficacy, or complications, following therapy. Unlike other cancers, HCC is most commonly treated by locoregional therapies (LRTs) such as thermal ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, and transarterial radioembolization. These treatments can lead to changes on imaging that make determination of residual/ recurrent disease difficult. This literature-based review dis-cusses the expected postimaging findings following LRT.