Influencia de las habilidades psicológicas sobre los niveles de ansiedad y estrés en el deporte

Abstract

In  the  last  years,  world  population  has  presented  increasement  in  mental  disorders,  affecting  both athletes  and  non-athletes.  However,  for  some  researchers,  training  of psychological  skills  could  be  a determinant in the reduction of factors that trigger these psychosocial alterations. Objective: To review and to analyze the existing scientific evidence on the most used psychological skills in some sports, specifically in tennis, to control some factors that could trigger stress and anxiety. Materials and Methods: The report consists of a narrative review of tennis. The search was performed in: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed y Google Scholar, with the following terms and booleans: tennis #AND sports performance #AND anxiety #OR  stress  #AND  psychological  skills.  Results:  At  the  end  of  the  research,  ten  articles  were  identified, which  were  stratified  according  to  the  psychological  skill  training  used  for  the  tennis  players:  (i)  visual strategies (n = 4), (ii) relaxation strategies (n = 2) and (iii) self-dialogue (n = 4). Conclusions: At the end of the review it was observed that the use of psychological skills can favor the psychological well-being of tennis players and also generate an improvement in sports performance.