Portal venous gas

Abstract

Portal venous gas is a rare radiologic finding, and the pathophysiology of it is largely unclear. Evidence of portal venous gas prompts urgent evaluation for potential surgical indications, as it can be indicative of an intra-abdominal catastrophe. More commonly, benign reasons for portal venous gas are present, but high index of suspicion is important for good outcomes. The intent of this chapter is to describe and define what encompasses portal venous gas, potential etiologies, mainstays of diagnosis, and provide insight into the vast differential diagnoses. The principles of management of the surgical and non-surgical causes of portal venous gas are also discussed in detail.