Human Dimensions Studies on Programs for Reducing Human-Wildlife Conflicts in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan

Abstract

This chapter introduces a series of human dimensions studies conducted at Tochigi Prefecture, with a specific focus on the Model District Program. In Sect. 5.1, I explain the background of the Model District Program. The results of the interviews and surveys conducted among local residents to understand the impacts of this program are explained. The two issues faced by the program are then highlighted: the sustainability of the intervention and the broad participation of residents. Section 5.2 explains the results of the surveys conducted among local residents of two model districts. Based on social-psychological theories developed in the USA (the Theory of Planned Behavior and the wildlife acceptance capacity model), the study revealed that social norms significantly explained residents' behavioral intentions, while risk perceptions significantly explained residents' capacity for wildlife acceptance. Section 5.3 examines some comparative studies carried out over different years and districts. The results revealed in model districts where participatory interventions were implemented, residents were more likely to engage in damage prevention measures. They were also more satisfied with government performance than in neighboring districts not subject to interventions. Over time, however, the number of the participants in model district interventions decreased, indicating the importance of maintaining motivation among residents.