Physical Soil Properties and Erosion

Abstract

Chernozems and Kastanozems are widespread and used for agricultural production in the Altai Krai. The physical properties of these soils are favourable for agriculture because the parent material is mainly composed of silt and fine sand. Humus accumulation is another important factor for the development of stable soil aggregates in the course of soil development. Resulting soils are characterized by a favourable water balance and a good air capacity and are resistant against erosion. Due to the conversion of natural steppe into agricultural land, the natural physical soil properties are damaged with lasting effects. Other soil properties (soil organic matter) are degraded too, and the soil productivity is affected. Mechanical stress can be reduced by using methods of adapted soil management, which in turn improves beside physical also chemical soil properties and, therefore, the soil fertility.