Management of occupational exposure to HIV

Abstract

Over 5 million workers are at risk for occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens, including HIV. The U.S. Public Health Service Working Group recently released updated clinical practice guidelines for the management of occupational exposures to HIV and recommendations for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). The preferred antiretroviral regimen for PEP is emtricitabine/tenofovir plus raltegravir, with several alternative treatment options available. Pharmacists are in a key position to actively work with healthcare personnel and providers to select the most appropriate PEP regimen, prevent drug interactions, monitor adverse effects, and provide counseling on behavioral modifications.