Lack of interaction between thioctic acid, glibenclamide and acarbose

Abstract

Aims. Thioctic acid (TA), glibenclamide and acarbose are widely used to either alone or concomitantly treat patients suffering from noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). This study systematically investigated drug-drug interactions between TA and glibenclamide and TA and acarbose. Methods. Fourteen male and 10 female healthy volunteers participated a randomized, open three period cross over trial (treatments A-C) followed by a fourth period (treatment D). A baseline profile for plasma insulin and glucose concentrations, variables which served as pharmacodynamic measures, was assessed before entering the trial. Treatments were A = 600 mg TA orally, B = 3.5 mg glibenclamide orally, C = 600 mg TA + 3.5 mg glibenclamide, D = 600 mg TA + 50 mg acarbose. Time courses of R(+)-TA and S(-)-TA as well as glibenclamide concentrations were measured with specific analytical methods. Results. There was no clinically relevant change of TA enantiomer pharmacokinetics by glibenclamide or acarbose. Also, glibenclamide pharmacokinetics were not altered by TA to a clinically meaningful extent. Plasma insulin and glucose concentrations did not indicate an interaction between TA and glibenclamide or TA and acarbose. Glibenclamide had the expected effect on insulin and glucose levels independent of comedication. There were only minor and short lasting adverse events with the majority being (expected) hypoglycaemic symptoms occurring during the treatments with glibenclamide. Conclusions. Coadministration of single doses of TA and glibenclamide or TA and acarbose does not appear to cause drug-drug interactions.