Virtual chromoendoscopy

Abstract

Novel electronic-based endoscopic imaging techniques have been developed as an alternative to dye-based chromoendoscopy to enhance visualization of surface architectural patterns. The term ‘virtual chromoendoscopy’ has been coined to describe these. Most of the interest in virtual chromoendoscopy revolves around early detection and characterization of gastrointestinal lesions based on the mucosal capillary and pit patterns. There are currently three major technologies available. These are Narrow Band Imaging (NBI), Flexible Spectral Imaging Colour Enhancement (FICE) and i-Scan. This chapter aims to describe the technological aspects of these systems as well as provide up-to-date data regarding their use and efficacy throughout the gastrointestinal tract.