Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma spp.: Current Understandings and Future Outlooks on Molecular Techniques

Abstract

Trichoderma species are ubiquitous ascomycetous fungi that have a wide distribution in diverse ecological zones and display remarkable interactions with other microbes and plants in the rhizosphere. Biotic stress is raised as a major problem in front of the agricultural economist. In this context, Trichoderma strain-based biocontrol practices could help to achieve the goal of sustainable agriculture. Modern biotechnological tool-based analysis locks out the inherent information of Trichoderma persistence in extreme conditions. Advance biotechnological tools have been developed to map the genome and transcriptome of Trichoderma spp. that will unlock the information of novel genes and their significant role in disease protection, abiotic stress tolerance, and plant growth promotion. In the present chapter, we are discussing the molecular mechanisms of Trichoderma that helps the plant in growth promotion as well as pathogen defense.