Infección por Toxocara canis en población adulta sana de un área subtropical de Argentina

Abstract

Toxocarosis is a sanitary problem extended world-wide. Numerous reports dealing with this subject have been published in Argentina, focusing many of them about its impact on human health. However, as toxocarosis is not a disease of compulsory notification and many cases are asymptomatic, actual prevalence rates are unknown and the disease is not recognised as a public health problem. The aim of this work was to determine the extent of the infection among healthy adult population from a subtropical region of Argentina, where high prevalence in children have been previously reported. For this purpose, we selected 355 sera of blood donors (325 men-30 women) aged 18-68 years, from a private-owned blood bank of Resistencia, a city located in Northeast Argentina. All samples tested negative for the infectious diseases routinely investigated for blood donation. Elisa test employing excretion/secretion antigens of larvae L2 Toxocara canis was performed and indeterminate cases were confirmed by Western blot. Out of 355 sera, 138 tested positive (127 men-11 women) which means a global prevalence of 38.9%. There was not significant difference in relation to gender (39.1 % for men - 36.7% for women). The results are consistent with the urban and environmental characteristics of the study area and with socio-cultural habits of its inhabitants, and indicate a strong presence of the ascarid with an important degree of impact on the population.