Endocrine Considerations in Pregnant Women with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Women with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) may have impaired fertility making conception difficult. In addition, in these women, pregnancy is high risk and associated with increased complications. This is further complicated by having an endocrinopathy such as thyroid disease or diabetes. As a result, a multidisciplinary team consisting of an endocrinologist, nephrologist, obstetrician, or maternal-fetal-medicine physician is warranted. Management requires consideration of hormonal levels and non-teratogenic medications.