NMR Metabolomics for Marker Discovery of Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial disease developed due to the accumulation and persistence of several risk factors associated with disrupted metabolism. To date, there is lack of efficient tools to evaluate the stage of MetS and its risk factors including carbohydrate dysfunction, dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and anxiety. Expectantly, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics has emerged as a promising source of new molecular markers due to its advantages across other metabolomic approaches. This chapter highlights the six major risk factors associated with MetS and related diseases, discussing their potential and weaknesses as biomarkers according to the current evidence available in the literature. Together, it is proposed a profile of metabolites for each risk factor obtained from NMR approaches to assess the severity of the risk factors associated to MetS.