Affectations by anthropogenic activities of urban, rural and industrial zone in geosites of the Santa Elena Peninsula Geopark Project, Ecuador

Abstract

Anthropogenic factors directly affect the geological and biological environment in different ways, whether by industrial, cultural, population, or political necessity, these can convert ecosystems to critical conditions, creating a problem for future generations and geobiological sustainability. The present work has as aim to determine the cause-effect level generated by the anthropogenic activity of urban, rural and industrial areas in four relevant geosites, through the investigation of primary sources and the evaluation with matrices for the configuration of prevention strategies and / or correction in the framework of sustainable development. The methodology is developed by: i) selection of geosites affected by urban, rural and industrial anthropic activity within the framework of the Santa Elena Peninsula Geopark project, ii) assess the level of pollution generated by anthropic activity, iii) cause-effect matrix configuration for the comparative graph between the zones (urban, rural, and industrial) on the independent level of anthropogenic contamination. Anthropogenic activity has generated a change in soil cover and the environment in general, caused by the use of the soil and its environmental biological factors, in such a way that it directly affects the geological and biological ecosystem. The interest on the conservation of the environment, generates an important structural approach in the care of the same, so it requires new strategies, creative for the welfare of future generations, in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals creating new ways of development without introducing negative activities.