XRD Analysis of Calcined Magnesium Substituted Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (Mg-BCP)

Abstract

The incorporation of magnesium (Mg) in biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was prepared through precipitation method. The concentration of added Mg was varied with respect to calcium (Ca) precursor molarity as such Mg/Ca molar ratio were 0.05 and 0.1, while the (Ca + Mg)/P ratio was maintained at 1.59 throughout the experiment to ensure that calcium deficient apatite was formed. Precipitate obtained was aged for 24 h in ambient condition followed by decantation, centrifugation and drying at 90°C overnight. The as-synthesized powders were calcined at 600°C and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) via Rietveld refinement (X'Pert HighScore Plus software). Both as-synthesized and calcined Mg-BCP powder contains hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) phase with Mg in its lattice. The substitution of Mg in calcium-deficient apatite resulted in the formation of biphasic mixtures of β-TCP/HA after calcinations with shifted peaks β-TCP when compared to reference β-TCP peaks. High deficiency of calcium in apatite enables more substitution of magnesium thus stabilizing β-TCP phase when subjected to high temperature.