Stochastic Processes in a Plasma

Abstract

The description of the hot gas of electrons and ions forming a plasma involves a number of non-deterministic or stochastic processes that require a statistical description. The plasma constituents have a wide spread of velocities and perform collisions between the charged particles, or with the gas atoms of the parent gas. The behavior of the plasma as a whole can no longer be reduced to the deterministic motion of individual particles in prescribe felds. Rather, the large number of particles introduces uncertainties that force us to describe the plasma by average quantities. For example, the average motion depends on macroscopic quantities like temperature and density gradients, which generate particle fluxes or electric currents. This Section discusses the stochastic motion of particles and introduces simple statistical concepts to describe typical transport processes in gas discharges. To illustrate the concepts, typical applications are given in gas discharges, in ion thrusters design for spacecrafts, or in the heat balance for nuclear fusion.