Genetic Analysis of G1/01 Chili pepper Based on Morphological, Physiological and Molecular Characteristics

Abstract

The G1/01 mutant line is a chili pepper variant resulting from a mutation with Ethyl Methane Sulfonate to the genotype 1 (G1) which is a descendant of a commercial chili pepper varieties Cakra Hijau. In this study the G1/01 line was compared with Capsicum frutescens varieties, Cakra Hijau and Genie and large chili Capsicum annum (CAT2) based on morphology, physiology (capsaicin content) and molecular, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The results showed that G1/01 had a similar morphology to the varieties of Cakra Hijau, Genie and CAT2 based on habitus, branching, plant height, flower shape and fruit shape, but G1/01 had greater leaf length and width than the Cakra Hijau, Genie and CAT2 and larger fruit size than the Cakra Hijau and Genie. When compared with CAT2, G1/01 has a shorter fruit size even though its diameter was almost the same. The four types of are included in the spicy and very spicy categories. The fruit of G1/01 line showed a change in the level of spiciness from the spicy category when young to the very spicy category when the fruit was ripe red. The RAPD results showed that the Cakra Hijau and Genie varieties were similar to each other while the G1/01 mutant was different from the two. CAT2 shows quite a distance with the other three types. Dendrogram based on morphological, physiological and molecular data shows that G1/01 changes quite large from the Cakra Hijau, but does not similar as CAT2.