Cast immobilisation for the treatment of paediatric distal radius fracture: Fibreglass versus polyolefin

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Stable distal radius fractures in children are frequently treated by immobilisation with a cast and heal readily without complications. This randomised clinical trial aimed to assess patient satisfaction and casting-related clinical outcomes when using polyolefin cast, a new cast material, compared to the conventional fibreglass cast. METHODS A total of 80 patients (age range 7–16 years) with radiograph-confirmed stable distal radius fractures were recruited. They were randomised to either the fibreglass group or polyolefin group, with short arm cast immobilisation for 20–30 days. After cast removal, the incidence of skin rash, growth of hair and cast breakage was recorded along with the administration of patient satisfaction questionnaires. Mann-Whitney U test or Fisher’s exact test was applied to compare results. RESULTS Overall, 34 patients from the fibreglass group and 31 patients from the polyolefin group were included in the final analysis. Significantly fewer patients from the polyolefin group reported itchiness during the casting period (p = 0.038). However, significantly more cast breakages were observed for the polyolefin group in the palmar bar region (p = 0.009). Patients from the polyolefin group were overall more satisfied (fibreglass group = 3.15/5 vs. polyolefin group = 3.74/5; p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Polyolefin cast reduces itchiness during casting and provides higher overall patient satisfaction during the treatment of stable distal radius fractures in children in tropical climates. However, patients should be counselled regarding potential cast breakage, which did not compromise safety, and the higher costs involved.